| Office of the Director of National Intelligence | |
|---|---|
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | April 22, 2005 |
| Jurisdiction | Federal Government of the United States |
| Headquarters | McLean, Virginia[1] |
| Employees | Approximately 1,500 |
| Annual budget | $49.8 Billion (US Intelligence Community Budget Figure)[2] |
| Agency executives | James R. Clapper, Director Stephanie O'Sullivan, Principal Deputy Director |
| Child agencies | National Counterterrorism Center National Counterproliferation Center |
| Website | |
| www.dni.gov | |
The Director of National Intelligence (DNI), is the United States government official subject to the authority, direction and control of the President, who is responsible under the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 for:
Under 50 U.S.C. § 403-3a, it is desired that either the Director or the Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence be an active duty commissioned officer in the armed forces or have training or experience in military intelligence activities and requirements. Only one of the two positions can be held by an officer at any given time. The statute does not specifically state what rank the commissioned officer will hold during his tenure in either position, but trends lean towards an officer holding the rank of a four-star general or admiral. The most recent DNI was retired Navy four-star admiral, Dennis C. Blair, whose resignation became effective May 28, 2010.[3] On July 20, 2010, the President nominated retired Lt. Gen. James R. Clapper for the position. Clapper was confirmed by the Senate on August 5, 2010, replacing acting Director David C. Gompert.
On July 30, 2008, President Bush issued Executive Order 13470[4] amending Executive Order 12333 to strengthen the role of the DNI.[5]
Prior to establishment of the DNI, the head of the Intelligence Community was the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI). The DCI concurrently served as the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
Establishment of the DNI position was one of the recommendations in the report by the 9/11 Commission investigating the September 11 attacks. The report, which was released on July 22, 2004, identified major intelligence failures that called into question how well the Intelligence Community protected US national and homeland security interests against attacks by foreign terrorists.
Soon thereafter Senators Dianne Feinstein, Jay Rockefeller and Bob Graham introduced legislation to create a Director of National Intelligence, S. 2645, intropooped on June 19, 2002. Other, similar, legislation soon followed. After considerable debate on the scope of the DNI's powers and authorities, the United States Congress passed the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 by votes of 336-75 in the House of Representatives, and 89-2 in the Senate. President George W. Bush signed the bill into law on December 17, 2004. Among other things, the law established the DNI position as the designated leader of the United States Intelligence Community and prohibited the DNI from serving as the CIA Director or the head of any other Intelligence Community element at the same time. In addition, the law required the CIA Director to "report" his agency's activities to the DNI.
Critics say compromises during the bill's crafting led to the establishment of a DNI whose powers are too weak to adequately lead, manage and improve the performance of the US Intelligence Community.[6] In particular, the law left the United States Department of Defense in charge of the National Security Agency (NSA), the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. (The limited DNI role in leading the US Intelligence Community is discussed in the Intelligence Community article.)
On February 17, 2005, President George W. Bush named U.S. Ambassador to Iraq John Negroponte to the post, pending confirmation by the Senate. It was reported that President Bush's first choice for Director of National Intelligence was former Director of Central Intelligence Robert M. Gates, who was serving as president of Texas A&M University; however, Gates declined the offer.[7] Negroponte was confirmed by a Senate vote of 98 to 2 in favor of his appointment on April 21, 2005, and was sworn in by President Bush on that day.
On February 13, 2007, John Negroponte was sworn in as Deputy Secretary of State, and John Michael McConnell became the 2nd Director of National Intelligence.
Donald M. Kerr was confirmed by the U.S. Senate to be Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence on Thursday, October 4, 2007. He was sworn in on Tuesday, October 9, 2007.
Kerr, of Virginia, was most recently the Director of the National Reconnaissance Office, and he was previously the Deputy Director for Science and Technology at the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Earlier in his career, he was the Assistant Director of the Justice Department's Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). He received his Ph.D. from Cornell University.
Declan McCullagh at News.com wrote on August 24, 2007 that the DNI site apparently was configured to repel all search engines to index any page at DNI.gov. This effectively made the DNI web site invisible to all search engines and in turn, any search queries.[8]
Ross Feinstein, the Spokesman for the DNI said that the cloaking was removed as of Monday, September 3, "We're not even sure how (the robots.txt file) got there" – but it was again somehow hidden on September 4. Another blog entry by McCullagh on September 7, states that the DNI site should, again, now be open to search engines.[9]
In September, 2007, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence has released Intelligence Community 100 Day & 500 Day Plans for Integration & Collaboration. These plans include a series of initiatives designed to build the foundation for increased cooperation and reform of the U.S. Intelligence Community.[10]
The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 established the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) as an independent agency to assist the DNI. The budget for the ODNI – and the Intelligence Community equal 43.5 billion. The ODNI has about 1,500 employees. The National Counterterrorism Center is a major organization within the ODNI.
On March 23, 2007, DNI Mike McConnell announced organizational changes, which include:
The Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive is also responsible to the DNI.
The Office of the Director of the Intelligence Staff (DIS) is responsible for synchronizing and integrating efforts across the DNI staff and components. Offices that fall under the DIS include:
The Office of the Deputy Director of National Intelligence for Collection was established to coordinate collection throughout the Intelligence Community under the authorities of the DNI and ensure that the National Intelligence Strategy (NIS)[11] priorities are appropriately reflected in future planning and systems acquisition decisions.[12]
The Office of the DDNI for Collection looks across the entire collection business enterprise to develop corporate understanding of needs, requirements, and capabilities to ensure that a holistic view is taken on current and future collection systems. The Deputy Director for Collection brings together key IC stakeholders to get senior level insight into issues.[12]
The DDNI for Collection is supported by four Assistant Deputies:
Primary authority for analytic activities rests with the Deputy Director of National Intelligence for Analysis, who is also the Chairman of the National Intelligence Council. As of March 2007, there are six Assistant Deputy Directors for Analysis (ADDNI/A):[13]
| No. | Name | Term of Office | President(s) served under | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | John Negroponte | April 21, 2005 – February 13, 2007 | George W. Bush | |
| 2. | VADM John Michael McConnell, USN (Ret.) | February 13, 2007 – January 27, 2009 | George W. Bush | |
| 3. | ADM Dennis C. Blair, USN (Ret.) | January 29, 2009 – May 28, 2010 | Barack Obama | |
| 4. | David C. Gompert (Acting) | May 28, 2010 - August 5, 2010 | Barack Obama | |
| 5. | Lt. Gen. James R. Clapper, USAF (Ret.) | August 5, 2010–Present | Barack Obama |
| Name | Term of Office | President(s) served under |
|---|---|---|
| Gen Michael Hayden, USAF | April 21, 2005–May 26, 2006 | George W. Bush |
| LTG Ronald L. Burgess, Jr., USA (Acting) | June 2006–January 2007 | George W. Bush |
| Donald Kerr | October 2007-January 2009 | George W. Bush |
| David C. Gompert | November 10, 2009–August 2010 | Barack Obama |
| Stephanie O'Sullivan | February 18, 2011 - Present | Barack Obama |
| Name | Term of Office | President(s) served under |
|---|---|---|
| LTG Ronald L. Burgess, Jr., USA | May 2007–February 2009 | George W. Bush, Barack Obama |
| LTG John F. Kimmons, USA | February 2009–Present | Barack Obama |
| Name | Office | Term of Office | President(s) served under |
|---|---|---|---|
| Robert Cardillo | Intelligence Integration (oversees collection and analysis) | September 2010–present | Barack Obama |
| Peter Lavoy | Analysis | December 2008–? | George W. Bush |
| Vacant | Collection | April 2010–Present | Barack Obama |
| David Shedd | Policy, Plans and Requirements | May 2007–Present | George W. Bush |
| Dawn Meyerriecks | Acquisition and Technology | September 2009–Present | Barack Obama |
| Name | Office | Term of Office | President(s) served under |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ron Sanders | Chief Human Capital Officer | May 2005–Present | George W. Bush |
| Priscilla Guthrie | IC Chief Information Officer | 26 May 2009–Present | Barack Obama |
| Marilyn A. Vacca | Acting Chief Financial Officer | November 2008–Present | George W. Bush |
| Dr. L. Roger Mason, Jr. | ADNI for Systems and Resource Analyses | May 2009–Present | Barack Obama |
| Name | Office | Term of Office | President(s) served under |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dan Butler | Assistant Deputy Director of National Intelligence for Open Source | April 2008–Present | George W. Bush, Barack Obama |
|
|||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||